Differences

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--- projects:voyc:gallery_of_map_projections [2024/08/17 23:25] – [Hand-drawn Maps] jhagstrand
+++ projects:voyc:gallery_of_map_projections [2024/08/19 22:11] (current) – [Gallery of Map Projections] jhagstrand
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 see [[Map Projections]]
 ~CLEAR~
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 ====Mercator====
 {{ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Web_maps_Mercator_projection_SW.jpg/450px-Web_maps_Mercator_projection_SW.jpg?400}}
-Vertical stretch added proportional to the horizontal stretch of the Equirectangular.\\
 Designed in **1569** by Gerardus Mercator.
-widely used for navigation even today.
 Stretched vertically, proportional to the the horizontal stretch of the Equirectangular projection.
 The amount of stretch increases geometrically with distance from the equator.
-Size is distorted, but shape is not.
+Size is distorted, but shape and angle are preserved. A compass heading of 36° is the same everywhere on the map. Because of this the Mercator is widely used for navigation even today.
-Most importantly for navigation, angles remain constant.  A compass heading of 36\circ is the same everywhere on the map.
+In **2005**, Google Maps introduced the **Web Mercator** variation.
+  * Uses a uses a spheroid model instead of Mercator's ellipsoid model.  This sacrifices some accuracy at low scales, in favor of a faster calculation.
+  *  Introduces "zoom level".  Described here at [[https://developer.tomtom.com/map-display-api/documentation/tomtom-orbis-maps/zoom-levels-and-tile-grid|TomTom]].
+  * Sometimes cropped to around 85°N to 85°S.\\
+  * Now used in most online street mapping systems.\\
-[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercatur_projection|Wikipedia]]
+Wikipedia [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercator_projection|Mercator]] and
+[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Mercator_projection|Web Mercator]]
 ~CLEAR~
@@ Line 87: / Line 89: @@
 {{ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Albers_projection_SW.jpg/525px-Albers_projection_SW.jpg?400}}
 In **1805**, Heinrich C. Albers presented this projection.
+~CLEAR~
+====Gall-Peters====
+{{ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Gall%E2%80%93Peters_projection_SW.jpg/435px-Gall%E2%80%93Peters_projection_SW.jpg?400}}
+In **1885**, described by James Gall, in the 1970s, popularized by Arno Peters.
+An equal-area projection with standard parallels at 45°N and 45°S.
+[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gall%E2%80%93Peters_projection|Wikipedia]]
 ~CLEAR~
@@ Line 119: / Line 130: @@
 In **1921**, Oswald Winkel proposed three new projections. Winkel Tripel is the third one.
-This is the arithmetic mean of the equirectangular projection and the Aitoff projection.
+This is the arithmetic mean of the Equirectangular and Aitoff projections.
 Since 1998, this is the official map of the National Geographic Society.
@@ Line 128: / Line 139: @@
 ====Goode Homolosine====
 {{ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Goode_homolosine_projection_SW.jpg/450px-Goode_homolosine_projection_SW.jpg?400}}
+In **1923**, John Paul Goode developed the Homolosine projection.
+It contains multiple optional interruptions.
 [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goode_homolosine_projection|Wikipedia]]
 ~CLEAR~
-====Waterman Butterfly====
+====Fuller Dymaxian Polyhedron====
-{{ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Waterman_projection.png/495px-Waterman_projection.png?400}}
+{{ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Dymaxion_projection.png/450px-Dymaxion_projection.png?400}}
-[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterman_butterfly_projection|Wikipedia]]
-~CLEAR~
-==== Web Mercator ====
+In 1954, R. Buckminster Fuller...
-In **2005**, Google Maps introduced a modification to the Mercator to allow faster calculations.\\
+[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dymaxion_map|Wikipedia]]
+~CLEAR~
-Web Mercator uses a spheroid model instead of Mercator's ellipsoid model.\\
+====Waterman Butterfly====
-This allows a faster calculation but sacrifices some accuracy at low scales.\\
+{{ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Waterman_projection_%28Pacific_centered%29.jpg/495px-Waterman_projection_%28Pacific_centered%29.jpg?400}}
+In **1996**, Steve Waterman ...
-Web Mercator also introduces "zoom level".  Explained here at
+The version show here uses the antimeridian as the central Meridian, with Antarctica detached.
-[[https://developer.tomtom.com/map-display-api/documentation/tomtom-orbis-maps/zoom-levels-and-tile-grid|TomTom]].
-Web Mercator is now used in most online street mapping systems.\\
+[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterman_butterfly_projection|Wikipedia]]
+~CLEAR~
 ====Hand-drawn Maps====