Statistics and probability are related areas of mathematics which concern themselves with analyzing the relative frequency of events.

Statistics looks at the past. Events that have already happened.

Probability looks at the future. What event is likely to happen next?

(Draw a picture, with a line and arrow pointing back into the past, and forward into the future.)

Statistics are the inputs to probability calculations.

Probability can only be computed based on statistics.

The future can only be predicted by looking at what has happened in the past.

For example, draw a line graph, basic algebra. What is the probability that a point with x value equal to 7 will have a y value of 42?

aka

probability theory, statistical inference

data analysis

Bayes theorem in AI, Bayesian Inference, Naive Bayes, Naive Bayes Classifier, Bayesian Methods